I don’t want to use prefabs
The new prefab system in Unity is exactly what you need. It fits all of your requirements:
Clone several unique game objects
The prefab system is made for cloning unique gameobjects. It even supports prefab nesting.
I don't want to achieve this at runtime
Great, prefabs only update globally when you click the override button in the editor.
I need a way to turn off the this repeated property/component replication on each clone
That's equivalent to unpacking the object (breaking the connection).
If you have a good reason to avoid using prefabs, you can always write a custom script that tracks changes in the properties you want to share, and updates all other objects immediately. You can make that script run in edit mode by adding the [ExecuteInEditMode]
attribute to the class it's in, just don't forget to disable it when running the project. Again, I highly recommend using prefabs instead.
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