hadoop - Hive cluster by vs order by vs sort by

Question

As far as I understand;

• sort by only sorts with in the reducer

• order by orders things globally but shoves everything into one reducers

• cluster by intelligently distributes stuff into reducers by the key hash and make a sort by

So my question is does cluster by guarantee a global order? distribute by puts the same keys into same reducers but what about the adjacent keys?

The only document I can find on this is here and from the example it seems like it orders them globally. But from the definition I feel like it doesn't always do that.

Answer 1

A shorter answer: yes, CLUSTER BY guarantees global ordering, provided you're willing to join the multiple output files yourself.

The longer version:

• ORDER BY x: guarantees global ordering, but does this by pushing all data through just one reducer. This is basically unacceptable for large datasets. You end up one sorted file as output.
• SORT BY x: orders data at each of N reducers, but each reducer can receive overlapping ranges of data. You end up with N or more sorted files with overlapping ranges.
• DISTRIBUTE BY x: ensures each of N reducers gets non-overlapping ranges of x, but doesn't sort the output of each reducer. You end up with N or more unsorted files with non-overlapping ranges.
• CLUSTER BY x: ensures each of N reducers gets non-overlapping ranges, then sorts by those ranges at the reducers. This gives you global ordering, and is the same as doing (DISTRIBUTE BY x and SORT BY x). You end up with N or more sorted files with non-overlapping ranges.

Make sense? So CLUSTER BY is basically the more scalable version of ORDER BY.