database - What are the differences between B trees and B+ trees?

Question

In a b-tree you can store both keys and data in the internal and leaf nodes, but in a b+ tree you have to store the data in the leaf nodes only.

Is there any advantage of doing the above in a b+ tree?

Why not use b-trees instead of b+ trees everywhere, as intuitively they seem much faster?

I mean, why do you need to replicate the key (data) in a b+ tree?

Answer 1

The image below helps show the differences between B+ trees and B trees.

Advantages of B+ trees:

• Because B+ trees don't have data associated with interior nodes, more keys can fit on a page of memory. Therefore, it will require fewer cache misses in order to access data that is on a leaf node.
• The leaf nodes of B+ trees are linked, so doing a full scan of all objects in a tree requires just one linear pass through all the leaf nodes. A B tree, on the other hand, would require a traversal of every level in the tree. This full-tree traversal will likely involve more cache misses than the linear traversal of B+ leaves.

Advantage of B trees:

• Because B trees contain data with each key, frequently accessed nodes can lie closer to the root, and therefore can be accessed more quickly.

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