highlight words in html using regex & javascript - almost there

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highlight words in html using regex & javascript - almost there

asked Oct 17, 2021 in Technique[技术] by 深蓝 (71.8m points)

highlight words in html using regex & javascript - almost there

I am writing a jquery plugin that will do a browser-style find-on-page search. I need to improve the search, but don't want to get into parsing the html quite yet.

At the moment my approach is to take an entire DOM element and all nested elements and simply run a regex find/replace for a given term. In the replace I will simply wrap a span around the matched term and use that span as my anchor to do highlighting, scrolling, etc. It is vital that no characters inside any html tags are matched.

This is as close as I have gotten:

(?<=^|>)([^><].*?)(?=<|$)

It does a very good job of capturing all characters that are not in an html tag, but I'm having trouble figuring out how to insert my search term.

Input: Any html element (this could be quite large, eg <body>)    
Search Term: 1 or more characters    
Replace Txt: <span class='highlight'>$1</span>

UPDATE

The following regex does what I want when I'm testing with http://gskinner.com/RegExr/...

Regex: (?<=^|>)(.*?)(SEARCH_STRING)(?=.*?<|$)
Replacement: $1<span class='highlight'>$2</span>

However I am having some trouble using it in my javascript. With the following code chrome is giving me the error "Invalid regular expression: /(?<=^|>)(.?)(Mary)(?=.?<|$)/: Invalid group".

var origText = $('#'+opt.targetElements).data('origText');
var regx = new RegExp("(?<=^|>)(.*?)(" + $this.val() + ")(?=.*?<|$)", 'gi');
$('#'+opt.targetElements).each(function() {
   var text = origText.replace(regx, '$1<span class="' + opt.resultClass + '">$2</span>');
   $(this).html(text);
});

It's breaking on the group (?<=^|>) - is this something clumsy or a difference in the Regex engines?

UPDATE

The reason this regex is breaking on that group is because Javascript does not support regex lookbehinds. For reference & possible solutions: http://blog.stevenlevithan.com/archives/mimic-lookbehind-javascript.

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1 Answer

深蓝 · Answer 1 · 2021-10-16T23:07:33+0000

Just use jQuerys built-in text() method. It will return all the characters in a selected DOM element.

For the DOM approach (docs for the Node interface): Run over all child nodes of an element. If the child is an element node, run recursively. If it's a text node, search in the text (node.data) and if you want to highlight/change something, shorten the text of the node until the found position, and insert a highligth-span with the matched text and another text node for the rest of the text.

Example code (adjusted, origin is here):

(function iterate_node(node) {
    if (node.nodeType === 3) { // Node.TEXT_NODE
        var text = node.data,
            pos = text.search(/any regular expression/g), //indexOf also applicable
            length = 5; // or whatever you found
        if (pos > -1) {
            node.data = text.substr(0, pos); // split into a part before...
            var rest = document.createTextNode(text.substr(pos+length)); // a part after
            var highlight = document.createElement("span"); // and a part between
            highlight.className = "highlight";
            highlight.appendChild(document.createTextNode(text.substr(pos, length)));
            node.parentNode.insertBefore(rest, node.nextSibling); // insert after
            node.parentNode.insertBefore(highlight, node.nextSibling);
            iterate_node(rest); // maybe there are more matches
        }
    } else if (node.nodeType === 1) { // Node.ELEMENT_NODE
        for (var i = 0; i < node.childNodes.length; i++) {
            iterate_node(node.childNodes[i]); // run recursive on DOM
        }
    }
})(content); // any dom node

There's also highlight.js, which might be exactly what you want.

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highlight words in html using regex & javascript - almost there

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