That is not valid standard CSS, but it's an example of nesting class declarations using Sass/SCSS or LESS and I believe other CSS extensions out there, which expand it to something like this (which is valid CSS), before serving it to the browser to use:
div.a {
color: red;
}
div.a div.b {
/* Inherits color from div.a */
font-weight: bold;
}
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