python - 从Python调用外部命令(Calling an external command from Python)

Question

您如何在Python脚本中调用外部命令（就像我在Unix Shell或Windows命令提示符下键入的一样）？

  ask by freshWoWer translate from so

Answer 1

Look at the subprocess module in the standard library:

(查看标准库中的子流程模块：)

import subprocess
subprocess.run(["ls", "-l"])

The advantage of subprocess vs. system is that it is more flexible (you can get the stdout , stderr , the "real" status code, better error handling, etc...).

(与system相比， subprocess的优势在于它更灵活（您可以获取stdout ， stderr ，“真实”状态代码，更好的错误处理等）。)

The official documentation recommends the subprocess module over the alternative os.system() :

(官方文档建议使用替代os.system()的subprocess模块：)

The subprocess module provides more powerful facilities for spawning new processes and retrieving their results;

(subprocess模块提供了更强大的功能来生成新流程并检索其结果。)

using that module is preferable to using this function [ os.system() ].

(使用该模块优于使用此功能[ os.system() ]。)

The Replacing Older Functions with the subprocess Module section in the subprocess documentation may have some helpful recipes.

(子 subprocess文档中的用子流程模块替换较早的功能部分可能有一些有用的方法。)

For versions of Python before 3.5, use call :

(对于3.5之前的Python版本，请使用call ：)

import subprocess
subprocess.call(["ls", "-l"])