As far as I know there is no full outer join in MySql. So, to do what you require you should get distinct IDs in derived table and left join original tables:
select ids.id,
ifnull(table1.A, 0) A,
ifnull(table2.B, 0) B,
ifnull(table3.C, 0) C,
ifnull(table1.A, 0) + ifnull(table2.B, 0) - ifnull(table3.C, 0) R
from
(
select id
from table1
union
select id
from table2
union
select id
from table3
) ids
left join table1
on ids.id = table1.id
left join table2
on ids.id = table2.id
left join table3
on ids.id = table3.id
与恶龙缠斗过久,自身亦成为恶龙;凝视深渊过久,深渊将回以凝视…